Биологический каталог




Иммунология. Том 3

Автор У.Пол

ориоменингита (ВЛХМ) [55]. У нормальных животных

ВЛХМ

ВЛХМ

8 дней

Цитоксан (иммуносупрессия)

Жива, но "несет вирус

Рис. 25.7. Эксперименты, указывающие на то, что патологические симптомы инфекции вирусом лимфоцитарного хориоменингита вызваны цитотоксическими Т-клетками, направленными против вируса [55].

ВЛХМ

Цитоксан

Смерть с классической патологией ЛХМ

Цитотоксические Т-лимфоциты

после этого возникает острое воспаление сосудистого сплетения, эпендимы, мягкой и паутинной оболочек мозга, и такие мыши умирают через 6—8 дней от полного разрушения ткани мозговых оболочек. Иммуносупрессированные мыши, зараженные этим вирусом, по продолжительности жизни не отличаются от незараженных, хотя в течение всей жизни в их мозговых оболочках обнаруживается вирус. При введении таким животным нормальных Т-клеток они быстро умирают, обнаруживая классическую патологию, характерную для животных, зараженных ВЛХМ [55]. На рис. 25.7 эти результаты показаны в схематическом виде. Очевидно, образование в организме хозяина ЦТЛ, направленных к ВЛХМ, вызывает разрушение тканей, несущих этот вирус, что и приводит к разрушению мозговых оболочек.

Итак, имеется много указаний на то, что цитотоксические клетки — это важный компонент иммунной системы млекопитающих, но условия, в которых проявляется действие разных категорий цитотоксических клеток, требуют уточнения. Появление новой технологии, позволяющей длительно культивировать и клонировать цитотоксические клетки, должно значительно ускорить эту работу.

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